分词做表语可以做系动词be的表语，也可以做其它系动词的表语，如go, feel,seem, look, remain等等。这些系动词后非谓语动词的饿用法规则是相同的。
7) to作为介词与作为不定式符号的选择
to可以是介词，也可以用来引导不定式，四级考试中对种类用法的考查也比较多。如：
① I have no objection _______ your story again.(2000.6)
A. to hear B. to hearing
C. to having heard D. to have heard
② The traditional approach ____ with complex problems is to break down into smaller, more easily managed problems.(1996.6)
A. to dealing B. in dealing
C. dealing D. to deal
③ The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.(1997.6)
A. have told B. be told
C. being told D. having told
这类考题的考查方式有两种，一是四个选项中有两个相对的选项to do something 和 to doing something，这时考查的自然是to的性质；另一种是to在题干中，如③。
8) 分词前连词的使用
分词前连词的使用是为了使分词的作用更加明了，使考生更加准确地理解试题。考查有两种情况
(1)根据连词选择适当的分词形式
Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ______.(1995.1)
A. scolding B. to scold
C. having scolded D. scolded
when的使用说明非谓语动词做时间状语，答案不可能是B，从scold与句子主语间的逻辑关系来看，应该是动宾关系，答案应该是D。
(2)根据状语的功能选择不同的连词
Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of
patient do not take drugs ___ directed.(1996.1)
A. like B. so C. which D. as
由上下文的意思可以看出，分词所做的是方式状语，连词应该是as。
9) 非谓语动词的体
非谓语动词中分词的体有完成体和进行体，即having done, having been done和being done，完成体只用于做状语的场合，而进行体可以用于做定语和做补足语。
动名词的体也有having done, having been done和 being done的结构主要用于做主语和宾语的场合。
不定式的体有to be doing 和to have done，主要用于pretend, happen, seem, appear, be said to等结构中。如：
① The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.(1997.6)
A. have told B. be told
C. being told D. having told
having told在句中做介词宾语，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。
② I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem ____ all the time.(1997.1)
A. to get worse B. to be getting worse
C. to have got worse D. getting worse
从all the time的使用可以推断get worse是一个渐变过程，所以用不定式的进行体。
③ The speech _____ a lively discussion started.(1995.1)
A. being delivered B. was delivered
C. be delivered D. having been delivered
